Pelvic pain management

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Pelvic pain can affect your daily life, making it difficult to work, exercise or even relax. If you're experiencing discomfort below the bellybutton and between the hips, it may be a sign of an underlying cause.

Whether it's a sudden sharp pain or chronic pelvic pain lasting six months or longer, our specialists are here to help. We’ll work with you to diagnose the cause and create a personalized treatment plan to help you get relief from pelvic pain.

What causes pelvic pain?

Pelvic pain may be caused by an underlying condition or be caused by a variety of conditions. Lower abdominal pain or back pain could also accompany pain in your pelvic region

Sources of pelvic pain 

Causes of pelvic pain associated with the reproductive system:

  • Ectopic pregnancy: Embryo implants and develops outside the uterus
  • Endometriosis: Tissue similar to the uterine lining grows outside the uterus, leading to pain and inflammation
  • Menstrual pain and cramps: Pain caused by menstrual cycle or ovulation.
  • Ovarian cysts: Fluid-filled sacs on the ovaries can cause pain in the pelvis, especially if they rupture.
  • Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID): An infection in the reproductive organs that may lead to chronic pelvic pain.
  • Sexually transmitted infections (STIs): An infection caused from sexual activity, such as gonorrhea or syphilis.
  • Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)
  • Uterine fibroids: Noncancerous growths in the uterus can cause lower abdominal pain and heavy periods.

Causes of pelvic pain associated with the urinary tract:

  • Cystitis: Bladder inflammation caused by bacterial infection
  • Interstitial cystitis: Also known as painful bladder syndrome, this condition leads to pain and pressure in the pubis area.
  • Urinary stones
  • Urinary tract infection

Causes of pelvic pain associated with other conditions:

  • Appendicitis: Infection or inflammation of the appendix
  • Cancerous tumor
  • Hernias
  • Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS): This digestive disorder can cause cramping and discomfort below the belly button.
  • Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD): A chronic condition that causes inflammation in the digestive tract, leading to symptoms like abdominal pain, diarrhea and fatigue.
  • Pelvic adhesions: Internal scarring that binds two tissues that shouldn’t be joined
  • Pelvic floor dysfunction: Pelvic floor muscles are too weak or too tight
  • Pelvic organ prolapse: Bladder, uterus or both organs may drop into a lower position as you get older

You may not need to see a doctor for some causes of mild pelvic pain that you’re able to ease with self-care methods such as over-the-counter drugs, ice, rest or a heating pad. Tell your doctor about pain like that at your annual physical checkup.

See your doctor immediately about your pelvic pain if you also experience:

  • Blood in urine
  • Pain accompanied by fever, nausea or vomiting
  • Pain from a known condition that changes suddenly
  • Sudden or severe pain
  • Unexpected vaginal bleeding with severe pain
  • You believe you have an infection of some kind

When is pelvic pain serious?

Pelvic pain is sometimes mild and goes away on its own, but certain symptoms may indicate a more serious issue. Seek medical attention if you experience:

  • Sudden, sharp pain in the lower left abdomen
  • Severe or persistent pain that interferes with daily activities
  • Pain accompanied by fever, nausea or vomiting
  • Unusual vaginal bleeding or discharge
  • Difficulty urinating or bowel issues

Schedule your women's health appointment

From prevention-focused care to more complex conditions, our OB-GYNs and women’s health specialists are here for you. Schedule your visit with a new provider in LiveWell, online or by phone.

What does pelvic pain feel like?

Pelvic pain varies from person to person. It can feel dull or sharp and be constant or intermittent. Your pelvic pain may be mild or severe and could feel like a burning, aching or cramping sensation. Pain may also radiate to the lower back or thighs, making movement uncomfortable.

Identifying the type of pain you feel can help your doctor determine the best treatment.

Symptoms of pelvic pain

In addition to pain, other symptoms may accompany pelvic pain, including:

  • Pain during sexual intercourse
  • Heavy or irregular periods
  • Bloating or pressure in the lower abdomen
  • Painful pelvic cramps
  • Pain that worsens when sitting or standing for long periods

Treatments for pelvic pain

Your treatment depends on the underlying cause of your pelvic pain. Your doctor may recommend: